France’s Nuclear Doctrine
As the crisis drums beat louder in Europe, Paris prepares to unveil a speech on France’s nuclear doctrine that could reshape the alliance’s security landscape. According to Politico sources, President Emmanuel Macron will address the issue at the end of February, presenting it as a turning point in how France balances deterrence with the desire to share responsibility for European security. The bearer of this message will claim that France can offer others the fruits of its deterrence while reserving the final decision for itself.
Within European capitals, a practical demonstration of France’s resolve is being discussed: deploying Rafale fighters—aircraft capable of carrying nuclear payloads—in various European nations under French command. A Slovak member of the European Parliament’s d...







